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Vantagens e desvantagens da transmissão de fibra óptica

Hora: 2022-10-23 Exitos : 18

Fiber optic transmission is becoming increasingly widespread in the modern world due to the increasing demand for greater bandwidth and quicker connection speeds for a wide range of industrial and domestic uses. In this article I’ll easy demonstrate what is Fiber optic transmission, 

Características da Fiber optic cable Transmission, Fiber Optic Transmission advantages and Disadvantages in details. Let’s get started.


What is Fiber Optic Transmission?

An optical transmitter, a fiber optic cable, and an optical receiver are the three basic parts of a typical fiber optic communication system. The optical transmitter takes an electrical signal and transforms it into an optical signal; the optical receiver receives the optical signal and turns it back into an electrical signal via a fiber optic connection. Semiconductor devices, such as LEDs (light-emitting diodes) and laser diodes, are the most widely used optical transmitters. Important to any optical receiver is the photodetector. Through the photodetector effect, it transforms light into energy. There's just too much to cover when discussing fiber optic cable. It is incredible to see how far optical connections have come in response to increasing demands for speed and bandwidth. There are many varieties of optical fiber cable available now, including OS2 fiber, OM1 fiber, OM2 fiber, OM3 fiber, OM4 fiber, and OM5 fiber cable. Due to their adaptability and ability to be bundled into cables, optical fibers are widely utilized as a medium for telecommunication and networking. For long-distance transmissions, optical fiber is preferable over electrical copper cables due to the low attenuation of light during transmission. As can be seen in the diagram below, all fiber optic transmission methods employ the utilization of modulated light to transport data from a transmitter to a receiver.


 

Characterstics of the Fiber Optic Cable Transmission:


1. These cables can better withstand harsh conditions outside. The temperature range in which they are effective is quite broad. They also are immune to the effects of acids and other corrosive substances.

2. A strong signal may be maintained over long distances.

3. Faster data transfer compared to copper wire variants like coaxial and twisted pair connections.

4. Information can be transferred in the form of light pulses over glass fibers at a rate of Gbps.

5. There is no electromagnetic (EM) interference on the lines, making hacking more difficult.

6. They pose no risk of electric shock because they do not conduct electricity.

7. When compared to other cable-based systems, fiber optic cable has a lower price.

8. They're lightweight and compact, so setting them up is a breeze.

 

 

Disadvantages of Fiber Optic Transmission: 


1. Optical fiber cables are typically composed of glass, making them more susceptible to damage than electrical lines. It is important to take extra precautions when installing glass below since it can be damaged by a number of substances, including hydrogen gas (a common issue with underwater cables).


2. Splicing fiber optic cable is not a simple task, making installation difficult. They are brittle, therefore excessive bending will result in a break. In addition, fiber optic cables are easily severed or otherwise damaged during building and installation processes. All of these obstacles make setup more challenging.

3. The greater the transmission distance, the more attenuated and scattered the light will become, necessitating the use of additional optical components such as EDFA.

 

4. Although fiber optic installation costs have been decreasing by as much as 60 percent each year, the initial investment required to construct fiber optic cabling is still greater than that required to build copper connections. Because unlike fiber optic cables, copper wires may be installed without any special precautions. Although, FTTx (fiber to the home, premises, etc.) and PONs (passive optical networks) continue to advance, bringing optical fiber into the local loop and facilitating subscriber and end-user broadband access.

 

5. The quality of fiber optic transmission sometimes depends on the use of specialized hardware and software. For instance, in order to effectively provide testing of optical fiber, equipment such as OTDR (optical time-domain reflectometry) is necessary. Additionally, expensive, specialized optical test equipment such as optical probes and power meters are required at the majority of fiber endpoints.

 

Advantages of Fiber Optic Transmission

 

1. Fiber has a much higher bandwidth than any other cable-based data transfer medium. The amount of information carried by fiber optic cables in the same amount of time is far higher than that carried by copper lines.


2. When compared to copper cables, optical cables have a lower power loss, allowing signals to be delivered further.


3. Environments such as power substations, HVAC systems, and other industrial sources of interference are unavoidable in real-world cable deployment.  Because fiber is impervious to electromagnetic interference, it has a very low bit error rate (10 EXP-13). Transmission using fiber optic is extremely quiet.


4. A rising consumer consciousness about the importance of data security and the adoption of the alternative raw material are driving forces in the expansion of the fiber optic communication market. In fiber optic transmission, light is used to carry data or messages. As a result, the information being communicated cannot be detected by "listening in" to the electromagnetic energy "leaking" through the connection.


5. Size isn't an issue because fiber optic cable's diameter is so tiny. A single OM3 multimode fiber has a lower cable diameter than standard coaxial copper cable, at around 2 mm. In fiber optic transmission, less volume means less wasted space.


6. Due to their glass or plastic construction, fiber optic cables are lighter than their copper counterparts. Since these are less heavy and require less effort to set up, they are much more desirable.Fiber Optic Cable allows for the simple addition of new hardware to an already existing cable system. In contrast to the originally installed cable, the capacity of optical cable can be greatly increased. Fiber cables may carry more data because of WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) technology, which includes CWDM and DWDM.


Due to its efficiency and high transmission capacity, fiber optic transmission is rapidly being used to replace metal cables in the transfer of data. Fibre optic cables have gradually supplanted older technologies like copper twisted pair and coaxial cable. There's no doubt that fiber optic transmission will bring new chances and be constantly investigated and improved to meet future demands as the use and demand for great bandwidth and fast speed increases.

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